ICSE Class 7 Answered

Main features of the revenue system under Shivaji:

1. The land was the main source of revenue. The land was divided into two categories - Swarajya lands and Mughlai lands.
2. Swarajya lands were under the direct control of the Marathas. It was divided into fourteen districts.
3. The land was assessed on the basis of the fertility of the soil and the crops grown. The farmers had to pay forty percent of their produce to the state.
4. Lands under the Mughal rule or under the Sultan of Bijapur were known as Mughlai lands. Marathas levied chauth and sardeshmukhi on these lands. Chauth was ¼th and sardeshmukhi was 1/10th of the produce. These taxes had to be paid to the Marathas for protecting their territories from their raids.