Draw a neat and labelled diagram of acid battery hydrometer and answer the following questions.
1. Why is its stem marked between 1.16 g cm-3 and 1.30 g cm-3?
2. Why cannot be common hydrometer for heavier liquids used for finding density of acid?
3. Why is it necessary to measure density of acid?
1. It is because, if the density of sulphuric acid is 1.15 g cm-3 or less, then battery is discharged. Similarly, if the density is 1.30 g cm-3 the battery is fully charged. Thus, the range is between 1.15 g cm-3 - 1.30 g cm-3.
2. It is because, common hydrometer is too big and cannot be inserted inside the battery. Conversely, we cannot pour the acid off from the battery as it damages the battery.
3. Density of acid is a good indicator about the health of the battery. If density is 1.24 g cm-3, the battery is fully charged. If density is 1.20 g cm-3, the battery is half charged and if density is 1.16 g cm-3 the battery is discharged.
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