CBSE Class 10 Answered

a) Pleura.

b)  The dark reactions of photosynthesis are enxzymatic and hence temperature dependent .

These reactions do have an optimum temperature. Photosynthesis by most plants increases only up to about 25^o C. The rate levels out and then actually declines as the temperature approaches or exceeds human body temperature. But the temperature optimum will vary according to different plants. For eg. the C₄ plants respond to higher temperatures and show higher rate of photosynthesis while C₃ plants have a much lower temperature optimum. 

The light reactions of photosynthesis are also temperature sensitive but they are affected to a much lesser extent.

c) Green plants capture about 1% of the energy from sun. About 10% of this captured energy is passed on to the herbivores like deer.