CBSE Class 9 Answered

The factors that influence climate change in India are -

1. Latitude: The Tropic of Cancer divides India into two halves. The areas in India which lie to the north of the Tropic of Cancer are sub-tropical regions, while areas to the south of the Tropic of Cancer are tropical regions. Temperature remains high throughout the tropical regions.

2. Altitude: India has a high chain of the Himalayan mountains with an average height of about 6000 meter. India also has a large coast line of about 30 meter. The Himalayas act as a barrier to the cold winds coming from northern areas, and hence, the winters in the northern Indian plains are mild.

3. Air Pressure and Surface Winds: India lies in the region of the north easterly winds. These winds blow over land, and hence they carry very little moisture and cause no rainfall. During winters, a high pressure area is created to the north of the Himalayas. Cold winds blow from this region to low pressure areas to the south over the oceans. During summers, as low pressure areas develop over Central Asia, there is complete reversal of the direction of the winds. Wind moves from a high pressure area over the Southern Indian Ocean. As these winds blow over the warm ocean, they gather moisture and bring rainfall in the country.