CBSE Class 10 Answered
Covalent bond: The chemical bond formed due to mutual sharing of electrons between the given pairs of atoms of non-metallic elements.
Conditions for formation of covalent compound
Ionization potential, electron affinity & electronegativity: High between both atoms or elements.
Electronegativity difference: Should be negligible between the two combining atoms.
Formation of Methane molecule – Non-polar covalent compound
Atom |
Electronic configuration |
Nearest noble gas |
To attain stable electronic configuration of nearest noble gas |
Carbon |
126C [2,4] |
Neon[2,8] |
Carbon needs four electrons to complete octet. |
Hydrogen |
11H [1] |
Helium[2] |
Hydrogen needs one electron to complete duplet. |
One atom of carbon shares four electron pairs one with each of the four atoms of hydrogen.