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ICSE Class 10 Answered

why glomerulus is the site of ultrafiltration?
Asked by saumitachaudhuri120 | 28 May, 2020, 09:51: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
  • The ultrastructure of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule facilitate ultrafiltration.
  • Glomerular blood vessels are fenestrated (have pores) which means blood can freely exit the glomerulus.
  • The podocytes of the Bowman’s capsule have gaps between their pedicels, allowing for fluid to move freely into the nephron.
  • Consequently, the basement membrane functions as the only filtration barrier within the nephron.
  • The basement membrane is size-selective and restricts the passage of blood cells and large proteins. Hence when the blood is filtered, the filtrate formed does not contain any blood cells, platelets or plasma proteins.
  • Ultrafiltration involves blood being forced at high pressure against the basement membrane, optimising filtration.
  • This high hydrostatic pressure is created in the glomerulus by having a wide afferent arteriole and a narrow efferent arteriole.
  • This means it is easy for blood to enter the glomerulus, but difficult for it to exit – increasing pressure within the glomerulus.
  • Additionally, the glomerulus forms extensive narrow branches, which increases the surface area available for filtration.
  • The net pressure gradient within the glomerulus forces blood to move into the capsule space (forming filtrate.
  • Because of these reasons, ultrafiltration occurs in the glomerulus.




Answered by Sheetal Kolte | 29 May, 2020, 10:53: AM

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