CBSE Class 10 Answered

Primary sector: According to Economic Survey 2010–11, it has been found that the overall GDP has grown by an average of 8.62 percent during 2004-05 to 2010-11, the agricultural GDP has increased by only 3.46 percent during the same period. Employment in the agricultural sector as a share of total employment in 2004-05 was 52.1 percent making it single largest private sector occupation. In 1951, when India’s population was 361 million, the people engaged in agriculture were around 98 million out of 140 million total working population i.e. around 70 percent. In last 6 decades, substantial part of population has been dependent on education. The role of agricultural sector, however, remains critical as it accounts for about 58 percent of employment in the country (Census 2001). Moreover, this sector is a supplier of food, fodder and raw materials for vast segment of industry.

Secondary sector: According to Economic Survey 2010-11, India’s industrial sector accounts for 27.6 percent of the GDP and gives employment to 17 percent of the total workforce. Though agriculture is the foremost occupation of the majority of the people, the government had always laid stress on the industrial development of the country. Thus policies and strategies were framed to give a boost to India’s industry. Since independence, India is marching ahead to become a diverse industrial base. According to MSME (Micro, Small Medium Enterprises) report, the number of small-scale units has increased from an estimated 0.87 million units in the year 1980-81 to over 3 million in the year 2000. SSI Sector in India creates largest employment opportunities and it has been estimated that 100,000 rupees of investment in fixed assets in the small-scale sector generates employment for four persons. 

Tertiary sector: India is the fifteenth largest country in the world in terms of services output. According to Economic Survey 2010-11, India’s services sector accounts for 58 percent of the GDP and this sector provides employment to 23 percent of the workforce and is the fastest growing sector, with a growth rate of 7.5 percent in 1991-2000 up from 4.5 percent in 1951-80. It has the largest share in the GDP, accounting for 53.8 percent in 2005 up from 15 percent in 1950. Business services like information technology had contributed to one third of the total output of services in 2000.