Maharashtra Class 9 Answered
What is meant by chromosome explain its types
Asked by Nilimabagekar67121 | 04 Jan, 2019, 04:37: PM
Expert Answer
Chromosomes are basic building blocks of life that carry all of the information used to help a cell grow, thrive and reproduce. Chromosomes are made up of DNA.
There are four types of chromosomes- metacentric, sub-metacentric, acrocentric and telocentric chromosomes.
1. Metacentric chromosome-The metacentric chromosome has its centromere centrally located between the two arms such that both sections are of equal length. Human chromosome 1 and 3 are metacentric.(Gives a V shape during Anaphase)
2. Sub-metacentric chromosome- The arms of the submetacentric chromosome are said to be unequal in length leading to a slight asymmetry in the length of the two sections. Human chromosomes 4 through 12 are submetacentric.(Gives a L shape)
3.Acrocentric chromosome- They are severely offset from the center leading to one very long and one very short section. Human chromosomes 13,15, 21, and 22 are acrocentric.(Actual shape cannot be observed due to very short arm)
4. Telocentric chromosome- They have the centromere at the very end of the chromosome.The telocentric chromosome is not present in humans but are present in mice. (Rod shaped appearance)
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