what is the surface integral in gauss 's law. and what is the meaning of premittivity of free space

 

 

The electric flux linked with a surfac in an electric field my be defined as the surface integral of the electric field over the surface..

    Φ_E   =  ∫ E.ds

 

Permittivity

1.)Thus, permittivity relates to a material's ability to transmit (or "permit") an electric field.

 permittivity of free space  €_o= D/E  in free space

D----->displacement field

E----->is measured volts per metre

 €_o  = 1/c² µ^_o

_{^{c is the speed of light in free space
μ0 is the magnetic constant.}}