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ICSE Class 9 Answered

What is radioactive substances? Give three examples of each radioactive element?
Asked by aditissingh02 | 20 May, 2019, 10:56: AM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
In Radioactive substance, a radioactive atom spontaneously emits energetic particles ( alpha or beta ) and
electromagnetic waves (gamma radiation).

This radiation of particle and wave is emitted when an unstable (i.e. radioactive) nucleus transforms
to some other stable nucleus.
 
α-decay examples:-
 
  begin mathsize 12px style U presubscript 92 presuperscript 238 space rightwards arrow T presubscript 90 presuperscript 234 h space plus space H presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 e end style
 
begin mathsize 12px style T presubscript 90 presuperscript 230 h rightwards arrow space R presubscript 88 presuperscript 226 a plus H presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 e end style
 
begin mathsize 12px style R presubscript 88 presuperscript 226 a rightwards arrow R presubscript 86 presuperscript 222 n plus H presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 e end style
 
β-decay examples :-
 
begin mathsize 12px style C presubscript 27 presuperscript 60 o space rightwards arrow N presubscript 28 presuperscript 60 i space plus space beta to the power of minus end style
 
begin mathsize 12px style P presubscript 15 presuperscript 32 space rightwards arrow space S presubscript 16 presuperscript 32 space plus space beta to the power of minus end style
 
begin mathsize 12px style T presubscript 90 presuperscript 234 h space rightwards arrow P presubscript 91 presuperscript 234 a space plus space beta to the power of negative 1 end exponent end style
Gamma radiation is always accompanied by α-decay and β-decay
Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 20 May, 2019, 01:01: PM

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