CBSE Class 10 Answered

Human beings have a well-developed excretory system while plants do not have an excretory system. This is because of the differences in their physiology. Therefore, plants use different strategies for excretion.

Excretion in humans:

• The primary components of the excretory system are the kidneys, the ureter, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
• When blood reaches the kidneys, useful substances are absorbed back into the blood, while the waste products are dissolved in water and eliminated from the body in the form of urine.
• The urine enters a long tube-like structure called the ureter. The ureter then passes the urine into the urinary bladder, which stores it until it is passed out of the body. Urine is passed out of the body through a muscular tube-like structure called the urethra.

Excretion in plants:

• Plants use a variety of techniques to remove waste materials.
• Oxygen, a by-product of photosynthesis is removed through stomata.
• The excess water absorbed from roots is also lost through stomata via transpiration.
• Cell vacuoles, gum, resin etc. are stored in old xylem tissues.
• Waste products may be stored in leaves that fall.
• Plant roots also sometimes excrete wastes materials.