CBSE Class 11-science Answered

Different types of movements exhibited by the cells of the human body:
1. Amoeboid movements:

• These movements are produced by temporary formation of pseudopodia.
• In protozoans, such as Amoeba, pseudopodia help in capturing food and locomotion.
• Leucocytes and macrophages move in the tissues with the help of pseudopodia.
• Cytoskeletal elements such as microfilaments are also involved in amoeboid movements.

2. Ciliary movements:

• These movements occur in the internal tubular organs which are lined with the ciliated epithelium.
• Cilia lining the trachea propel dust particles out of the body.
• Cilia lining the fallopian tubes and vas efferentia help in the movements of ova and sperms in the desired direction.
• Cilia also help in swimming in ciliated protozoans and ciliated larva such as planula larva of coelenterates and the trochophore larva in annelids.

3. Muscular movements:

• These movements occur in muscle cells which help the organisms in movement and locomotion.
• Muscle cells contract and relax to bring about the movement.
• Movements of limbs, tongue and jaws are examples of muscular movements.

(Note: According to the NCERT textbook, the above-mentioned are movements exhibited by cells. Flagellar movement and cytoplasmic streaming are also movements exhibited by cells).