CBSE Class 10 Answered
World primary energy production grew at the slower pace of 2.7% in 2011 (4.5% in 2010). In Asia, where the growth of primary energy production was fast in 2010 (+7.1%), it hardly caught up with the consumption growth in 2011 (+3.7% against 5.1% for the consumption). Production rose by 7.1% in China (+163 Mtoe), a little less than consumption, but it stagnated in India (+0.4%) and even fell by 36% in Japan (-34 Mtoe) following the Fukushima disaster. The sharp reduction in Japan contributed to the stagnation of the primary production in the OECD countries (+14 Mtoe). The dynamic production trend in North America (+3.8%, i.e. +81 Mtoe) was partially offset by the 3% decrease in Europe (-33 Mtoe). In Africa, primary production decreased by 5.7%, while it rose by 2% in Latin America and the CIS. Oil and gas producing countries in the Middle East posted a 10% increase in production in 2011 (165 Mtoe). In 2011, OECD accounted for 30% of the world primary energy production, same as Asia, and China for 19%.
Primary energy consumption also increased but at a much slower pace in 2011 (2.2% vs. 4.9%). OECD countries were impacted again by the economic crisis and their energy consumption fell by 1.3%, in line with the 3.2% drop in the European Union and the stagnation in North America (-0.7% in the United States). In China and India energy consumption continued to grow steadily (+7.7% and +6.2%, respectively) with China widening the gap with the United States (+19% above the USA). Energy demand in Japan fell by 6.6% compared to a 6.3% hike in 2010, while it increased at a slower pace in many southeastern Asian countries, thus limiting the growth in energy demand in Asia to 5.1% in 2011. The dynamic trend in Africa and Latin America (+3.1% and +5.1%, respectively, in 2010) stalled in 2011 (less than 1% growth).