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CBSE Class 10 Answered

what are the chemicals formed by common salt and how are they formed?
Asked by divyaabhi1999 | 30 Aug, 2014, 08:46: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer

The common salt is required in manufacture of sodium hydroxide, baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder and many other chemicals.

When electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (called brine), it decomposes to form sodium hydroxide. The process is called the chlor-alkali process. Chlorine gas is given off at the anode, and hydrogen gas at the cathode. Sodium hydroxide solution is formed near the cathode.

2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l)  → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2(g)

Bleaching powder is produced by the action of chlorine [Which is produced during the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride (brine).] on dry slaked lime [Ca(OH)2]. Bleaching powder is represented as CaOCl2

Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O

Baking soda which has chemical name as sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3) is produced using sodium chloride as one of the raw materials.

NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3 → NH4Cl + NaHCO3

Washing soda (Na2CO3.10H2O) is another chemical that can be obtained from sodium chloride. Sodium carbonate can be obtained by heating baking soda; recrystallisation of sodium carbonate gives washing soda.
Answered by Arvind Diwale | 30 Aug, 2014, 11:38: PM
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