CBSE Class 10 Answered

Leaves have a large surface area to absorb more sunlight.

Leaves are thin, hence carbon dioxide has only a short distace to diffuse into leaf cells.

The internal structure of the leaf is also adapted to promote efficient photosynthesis:

Cuticle: - Is non-cellular, thin, water proof and transparent. It allows light to pass through while protecting the leaf.

Thin and transparent epidermis: - It allows more light to reach the palisade cells below.

Palisade mesophyll: - has cells vertically arranged such that many can fit into a small space. The cells have large number of chloroplasts which helps to absorb more light.

Spongy mesophyll: - Have large air spaces for fast diffusion of gases to and from the photosynthesizing cells.

Veins (Vascular bundles): - They act as drain pipes distributing raw materials to the leaves and conducting away manufactured food to other parts of a plant.