CBSE Class 10 Answered

Hi Crys,

The central nervous system in humans includes the brain and the spinal cord.

Brain:

Primary Regions of the Brain: Forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.

Parts of the Brain: Cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata.

Functions of brain:

• Relays pain and pressure impulses to the cerebrum.
• Controls the body temperature and the activity of the pituitary gland.
• Coordinates muscular activity and balance of the body.
• Carries impulses from one hemisphere to the other hemisphere and coordinates muscular movements on both sides of the body.
• Controls the activities of internal organs, heartbeat, breathing etc.

Spinal cord:

Structure of spinal cord:

• Extends from the medulla oblongata down almost the whole length of the backbone and ends at the second lumbar vertebra.
• The grey matter is on the inner side and the white matter is on the outer side of the spinal cord.
• Like the brain, it is also covered with three meninges—dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater.

Functions of spinal cord:

• Responsible for reflexes below the neck.
• Conducts sensory impulses from the skin and muscles to the brain.
• Conducts motor responses from the brain to muscles of the trunk and limbs.

For more information and detailed understanding of the concept and the chapter, log on to www.topperlearning.com chapter notes section for CBSE Science Class 10 Biology.