please explain

Since the gravitational force is inversely propotional to the square of the separation distance, when the planet is close to sun, it experience strong attraction, hence it'll move faster, due to consevation of angular momentum. This also explains why it moves slowly when it's farther from sun due to low gravitational attraction of sun.

Path of the planet is not affected due to gravitational force of other planets becuase the separation distance is large and mass of the planets is small compared to the mass of the sun.

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TopperLearning.