ICSE Class 9 Answered
Please explain cleansing action of soap and detergents
Asked by Kanwaranita10 | 12 May, 2018, 08:00: AM
Expert Answer
- Soaps are cleansing agents capable of reacting with water and dislodging the unwanted particles from clothes or skin.
- The molecules of soap are sodium or potassium salts of long chain carboxylic acids.
- A soap molecule has a tadpole shaped structure.
- At one end (long non-polar end) of soap molecule is a hydrocarbon chain which is insoluble in water but soluble in oil.
- At the other end (short polar end) of soap molecule, there is a carboxylate ion which is hydrophilic i.e. water soluble but insoluble in oil.
- Soap on mixing with water forms a concentrated solution and causes foaming.
- The long non-polar end of soap gravitates towards and surrounds the dirt and absorbs the dust in it.
- The short polar end with the carboxylate ion repels the water away from the dirt.
- A spherical aggregate of soap molecules is formed in the soap solution in water, and is called a micelle.
- Thus, the soap molecule dissolves the dirt and our clothes get clean.
Answered by Ramandeep | 14 May, 2018, 10:07: AM
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