ICSE Class 8 Answered

PROPAGULES 

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

Rhizome

• Underground, horizontal, branching stem.

Ginger, turmeric etc.

Stem tuber

• Swollen tip of underground, lateral stem.

Potato, artichoke etc.

Corm

• Short, vertical, underground stem, swollen with reserved food.

Crocus, gladiolus etc.

Bulb

• Underground, lateral branches.
• Their ends turn up and produce buds.

Mint, pear, banana etc.

Runners

• Grow rapidly along the ground, producing buds and adventitious roots at intervals. These become separate plants.

Strawberry, creeping grass, Desmodium etc.

Offsets

• Short stout runners terminated by a single bud. 

Houseleek (Pistia), Eichhornia etc.

Stolon

• When a weak stem falls over and touches the ground, its tip swells. It develops adventitious roots and the further growth is continued by a lateral bud.

Blackberry, fern etc.

Root tubers

• Swollen fibrous roots, each capable of developing into a new plant.

Dahlia, sweet potato etc.

Leaf buds

• Bud detaches and grows into a new plant.

Dahlia, sweet potato etc.

Bulbils

• Detachable buds

Yam etc.

Layering is a method in which a branch of the plant is covered with some material and supplied with water to produce roots.

Hibiscus, jasmine, rose, Bougainvilleaetc.