CBSE Class 12-science Answered

Dimagnetic substances: Substances which are weakly repelled by the external magnetic field are called diamagnetic substances and the property exhibited is called diamagnetism.

These substances contain fully-filled orbitals i.e. no unpaired electron is present.

Paramagnetic substances: Substances which are attracted by the external magnetic field are called paramagnetic substances and the property exhibited is called paramagnetism. This property is shown by substances whose atoms, ions or molecules contain unpaired electrons.

Ferromagnetic substances:  Substances which show permanent magnetism even in the absence of the magnetic field are called ferromagnetic substances. The substances remain permanently magnetised, once they have been magnetised.

Anti-ferromagnetic substances: Substances which are expected to possess paramagnetism or ferromagnetism on the basis of magnetic moments of the domains but actually possess zero net magnetic moment are called anti-ferromagnetic substances.

Ferrimagnetic substances: Substances which are expected to possess large magnetism on the basis of the magnetic moments of the domains but actually have small net magnetic moment are called ferromagnetic substances.