CBSE Class 8 Answered

(i) The farmer needs to carry out the following steps in order to ensure safe storage of food grains:

a. The fresh crop should be properly dried in the sun to reduce the moisture in them so as to prevent the attack by insect pests, bacteria and fungi.

b. The grains should be stored in jute bags or metallic bins to protect them from pests.

c. Specific chemical treatments are required for storing large quantities of grains in big godowns to protect them from pests and microorganisms.

(ii) Lowering of temperature slows down the growth of bacteria, yeast and moulds, and inhibits the action of enzymes present in the food material.