How is water carried upwars by the plants aganist the action of gravity?

Water is carried upwards through capillary action. During the day, transpiration creates a suction which pulls water from the xylem cells of the root. The effect of root pressure in transport of water is important at night. Also steady movement of water into root xylem due to difference in concentration of ions between the root and soil, also helps in movement of water upwards. Thus the combined effects of these, help in pushing water upwards against the action of gravity.