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CBSE Class 11-science Answered

how do we obtain diethyl ether by synthesis ?
Asked by abhishek abhi | 22 Nov, 2010, 09:59: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
Dear Student
 
1. The reaction is catalyzed by acids, usually sulfuric acid. Diethyl ether is produced from ethanol by this method. Such reactions compete with dehydration of the alcohol.
 
2 R-OH → R-O-R + H2O
For synthesizing diethyl ether, the reaction undergoes as follows.
 

Ethanol reacts with a strong acid, typically sulfuric acid, H2SO4. The acid dissociates producing hydrogen ions, H+.

CH3CH2OH + H+ → CH3CH2OH2+

The nucleophilic oxygen atom of other ethanol molecule displaces a water molecule from the protonated (electrophilic) ethanol molecule, producing water, a hydrogen ion and diethyl ether.

CH3CH2OH2+ + CH3CH2OH → H2O + H+ + CH3CH2OCH2CH3
 
2. Williamson ether synthesis
 
R-ONa + R'-X → R-O-R' + NaX

This reaction is called the Williamson ether synthesis. It involves reaction of an alcohol with a strong base to form the alkoxide, followed by addition of an appropriate aliphatic compound bearing a suitable leaving group (R-X)

We hope that clarifies your query.
Regards
Team
Topperlearning
Answered by | 22 Nov, 2010, 10:54: PM

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