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ICSE Class 10 Answered

How centipetal and centrigugal forces act? What are the reasons? Can I have examples of both these?
Asked by vasudhaaggarwal12 | 30 Mar, 2020, 03:09: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
Centripetal force is defined as the force that is necessary to keep an object moving in a curved path
and that is directed inward toward the center of rotation.
 
Any motion in a curved path represents accelerated motion, and requires a force directed toward the center of curvature of the path.
This force is called the centripetal force which means "center seeking" force.  
 
The force has the magnitude  ( mv2 /R ) , where m is mass of the object moving in a curved path, v is tangential speed
 and R is the radius of curvature of curved path
 
Centrifugal force is defined as the apparent force that is felt by an object moving in a curved path
that acts outwardly away from the center of rotation.
 

While centripetal force is an actual force, centrifugal force is defined as an apparent force or pseudo force.

When twirling a mass on a string, the string exerts an inward centripetal force on the mass,
while mass appears to exert an outward centrifugal force on the string.
 
The difference between centripetal and centrifugal force has to do with different 'frames of reference,' that is,
 different viewpoints from which we measure the force.
 
Centripetal force and centrifugal force are really the exact same force, just in opposite directions because  
they're experienced from different frames of reference. If we observe a rotating system from the outside,
we see an inward centripetal force acting to constrain the rotating body to a circular path.
 
However, if we are part of the rotating system, we experience an apparent centrifugal force pushing us
away from the center of the circle, even though what you are actually feeling is the inward centripetal force
that is keeping us from literally going off on a tangent.
Answered by Thiyagarajan K | 30 Mar, 2020, 04:51: PM
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