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CBSE Class 10 Answered

hi mam iam hema i want to know difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds
Asked by hemalatha | 04 Oct, 2013, 05:59: PM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
Ionic Bonds:Ionic bonds are bonds that are formed between two atoms, usually a metal and a non-metal through loosing or gaining an electron. The metal looses one or more electrons and the non-metal gains one or more electrons. What this does is it makes "ions" ions are atoms that are charged because they gained or lost an electron. These ions have a positive (for the metal) or negative (for the non-metal) charge and because of that they attract to each other and form the ionic bond.
 
Covalent Bonds:Covalent bonds are usually between two non-metals. Covalent bonds involve atoms that SHARE electrons, these atoms do not loose or gain electrons but instead will share them to gain a full outer energy level. By sharing electrons each atom pulls on them and the atoms form a bond through the electron sharing known as the covalent bond.
 
 
The comparision table is as follows:
 

Covalent Bonds

Ionic Bonds

Polarity:

Low

High

Formation:

A covalent bond is formed between two non-metals that have similar electronegativities. Neither atom is "strong" enough to attract electrons from the other. For stabilization, they share their electrons from outer molecular orbit with others

An ionic bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal. Non-metals(-ve ion) are "stronger" than the metal(+ve ion) and can get electrons very easily from the metal. These two opposite ions attract each other and form the ionic bond.

Shape:

Definite shape

No definite shape

Melting point:

low

High

What is it?:

Covalent bonding is a form of chemical bonding between two non metallic atoms which is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms and other covalent bonds.

Ionic bond, also known as electrovalent bond is a type of bond formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound. These kinds of bonds occur mainly between a metallic and a non metallic atom.

Boiling point:

Low

High

Examples:

Methane (CH4), Hydro Chloric acid (HCl)

Sodium chloride (NaCl), Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4 )

Occurs between:

Two non-metals

One metal and one non-metal

State at room temperature:

Liquid or gaseous

Solid

Answered by Hanisha Vyas | 04 Oct, 2013, 07:37: PM
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