CBSE Class 11-science Answered

See, AlCl₃ is a covalent compound. So no question of Al³⁺.

Al has 3 valence electron which it shares with 3 Cl atoms to form 3 Al - Cl bonds.

This molecule is electron deficient as it has only 6 valence electrons and not 8.

So, to complete its electron deficiency, one of the Cl donates an electron pair to be shared between Al and Cl. This bond is a coordinate bond.

SImilarly, a second Cl donates an electron pair to be shared between Al and Cl of the other molecule.

Thus, the structure is as: