CBSE Class 9 Answered

One of the main features of the economic life of the industrial workers in India is that they are generally in debt. In most of the industrial centres, the proportion of families or individuals in debt are not less than two-third of entire and mostly, the amount of debt exceeded three months’ wages. The poverty level of the Indian worker can be understood through their housing. In certain areas such as Bhillai, Durgapur, Rourkela and Bhopal, the problem of housing factory workers had been satisfactorily solved because of several public sector industries set up in those areas. While in certain areas such as Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and Ahmedabad some of the entrepreneurs arrange housing accommodation to the employees to receive the best labour force in the market.

On the other hand, agricultural labourers are not organised like industrial labourers. These labourers are illiterate and ignorant. They cannot bargain with the land owners and secure good wages. Many of them are in the clutch of village money lenders, landlords and commission agents. The agricultural labour is the most exploited class of people of India. So due to factors beyond their control and their inherent bargaining weakness, the farm labourers have been getting very low wages and hence they lead a miserable sub-human life.