Generally aldehydes are most reactive then ketones towards nucleophilic reagents .This holds true for acetaldehyde and acetone as well ,which is due to: a) steric effect b) inductive effect c) mesomeric effect d) both a and b

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Aldehydes are less sterically hindered than ketones. Also, aldehydes have fewer electron donating groups (EDG's) which can stabilize an electron-poor area. The extra carbon chain that ketones have that aldehydes do not have are the reason for both of these things. The neighboring carbon to the carbonyl carbon is an EDG and the carbon chain causes steric hindrance.

 

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