CBSE Class 10 Answered

Let's start by looking at the overall plan of a simple two-pole DC electric motor. A simple motor has six parts, as shown in the diagram below:

• Armature or rotor
• Commutator
• Brushes
• Axle
• Field magnet
• DC power supply of some sort

An el­ectric motor is all about magnets and magnetism: A motor uses magnets to create motion. Mptor works on the fundamental law for magnets : Opposites attract and likes repel. So if you have two bar magnets with their ends marked "north" and "south," then the north end of one magnet will attract the south end of the other. On the other hand, the north end of one magnet will repel the north end of the other (and similarly, south will repel south). Inside an electric motor, these attracting and repelling forces create rotational motion.

There are two magnets in the motor: The armature (or rotor) is an electromagnet, while the field magnet is a permanent magnet (the field magnet could be an electromagnet as well, but in most small motors it isn't in order to save power).