CBSE Class 10 Answered

 

In sexual reproduction, a new individual is produced by the combining of material from two parents. In plants, a sperm moves towards an egg. Fertilization  occurs when the egg and sperm nuclei (the central part of each cell) unite to start development of the offspring. By repeated cell division, the fertilized egg grows from a single cell into a many-celled embryo.

In flowering plants, the flower is the structure that makes sexual reproduction possible.

The stamen contains the male part of the flower. It produces pollen (a yellow powdery substance) in a structure called the anther.

The pistil contains the female part of the flower. The top of the pistil is called the stigma.

The transfer of the pollen from anther to the stigma is called pollination. When a pollen grain reaches the pistil, it sticks to the surface of the stigma. The stigma produces a sugar that is used by the pollen to grow a tube. The pollen tube enters and makes its way down through the style, allowing delivery of the sperm down to the ovary. This is the enlarged part of the pistil where the female sex cells (eggs) are produced. The eggs are fertilized by the sperm from the pollen tube and zygote is formed.