CBSE Class 10 Answered
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between two atoms.
Now, sometimes due to the difference in electronegativities of two atoms forming the covalent bond, the electron density shifts towards the more electronegative atom. This causes the more electronegative atom to acquire a partial positive charge and less lectronegative atom to acquire a partial positive charge. Such a kind of covalent bond is called polar covalent bond.
δ+ δ-
Eg: H-Cl
Non- polar covaent bonds are formed between two atoms having same electonegativities. So, there is no partial positive or partial negative charge on any atom. The shared pair of electron is equally shared between both the atoms.
Eg: H - H
Polar solvents are those solvents which have some ionic charater. like water.
Non polar solvents are those solvents which do not have any ionic chararcter like carbon tetrachloride, benzene etc.