Describe the structure and functioning of nephron?

Nephrons are structural and functional units of kidneys. They are long, coiled tubular structures. Each nephron shows the following parts - Malpighian body, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. The Malpighian body shows a cup-shaped Bowman's capsule, in which is present a tuft of capillaries called glomerulus. Glomerulus carries out filtration of blood under pressure. This process is called ultrafiltration.

Nephrons are the basic filtration units in kidneys. They filter the blood and form and concentrate urine. Useful substances are reabsorbed by the nephrons and put back into circulation. The urine formed by all the nephrons is collected and then sent to the urinary bladder through the ureter.