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CBSE Class 10 Answered

An ore of a metal if found as a carbonate ore, what steps would you take to convert such concentrated ore into a free metal.
Asked by Sunita10.satija | 22 Feb, 2019, 10:59: AM
answered-by-expert Expert Answer
Extraction metals from its carbonate ores:
 
  • The moderately reactive metals in the middle of the reactivity series are extracted by the reduction 
            of their oxides with carbon, aluminium, sodium or calcium.
  • It is easier to obtain metals from their oxides (by reduction) than from carbonates or sulphides. 
           So, before reduction can be done, the ore is converted into a metal oxide.
  • The concentrated ores can be converted into metal oxides by the process of calcination or roasting.

 

  1. Calcination :
             It the process in which a carbonate ore is heated strongly in the absence of air to convert it into a metal oxide.

             For example:

            When zinc carbonate is heated strongly in the absence of air, it decomposes to form zinc oxide and carbon dioxide.

         

                                ZnCO3(s)  →  ZnO(s) + CO2(g)

 

       2. Roasting is the process in which a sulphide ore is strongly heated in the presence of air to convert it into a metal oxide.

 

                            2ZnS(s) + 3O2(g)  →   2ZnO(s) + 2SO2(g)

          The metal oxides are converted to free metal by using reducing agents such as carbon, aluminium, sodium or calcium.

          For example:

          Zinc metal is extracted by the reduction of zinc oxide with carbon.

          Thus, when zinc oxide is heated with carbon, zinc metal is produced.

                         ZnO(s) + C(s)   →  Zn(s) + CO(g)

Answered by Varsha | 22 Feb, 2019, 11:54: AM
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